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Frost and Seed

Frost Dates by City: Last Spring and First Fall Frost in 100 U.S. Cities

Pick your city for its typical last spring frost, first fall frost and frost-free season, with the late and early dates to plan around.

Updated

Figures checked against their sources on ; next check .

Photograph of a garden bed at dawn with kale and lettuce leaves edged in white frost crystals

Each page below gives one city its own frost dates, read from the NOAA weather station nearest its center: the last spring frost and first fall frost at even odds, the late spring and early fall dates that one year in ten passes, the length of the frost-free season, and planting dates counted from them. Your own town is not here? Use the frost dates tool, which covers 7,247 stations, or look up your hardiness zone by ZIP code.

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Virginia

Washington

Wisconsin

How these cities were chosen

We ranked the incorporated places of the 50 states and D.C. by the Census Bureau's Vintage 2024 population estimate and walked down the list, keeping a city only when its page could meet the same bar as every other page on the site. A city needs a NOAA station with a standard or representative record within 25 miles of its Census internal point (flag S or R); that station must have frost dates and a typical-year frost; and no larger city may already use it, since two pages on one station would differ only by a name. The walk stopped at 100 cities on 100 different stations, and 23 places were passed over on the way.

Places passed over (23) and why
  • Los Angeles, CA (3,878,704 people): frost too rare to date. closer station CULVER CITY (USC00042214), about 1 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 6.7% of years; the dated station BURBANK VALLEY PUMP PLT is about 12 mi away.
  • San Diego, CA (1,404,452 people): frost too rare to date. closer station SAN DIEGO MONTGOMERY FLD (USW00003131), about 0 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 5.5% of years; the dated station EL CAJON is about 12 mi away.
  • San Francisco, CA (827,526 people): no usable station within range. nearest station with a standard or representative record is about 29 mi away.
  • Miami, FL (487,014 people): frost too rare to date. closer station MIAMI BEACH (USW00092811), about 5 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 0.2% of years; the dated station PERRINE 4W is about 19 mi away.
  • Long Beach, CA (450,901 people): frost too rare to date. closer station LONG BEACH DAUGHERTY FLD (USW00023129), about 2 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 1% of years; the dated station TORRANCE AP is about 10 mi away.
  • Oakland, CA (443,554 people): frost too rare to date. closer station OAKLAND MUSEUM (USC00046336), about 3 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 3.3% of years; the dated station OAKLAND METRO INTL AP is about 3 mi away.
  • Tampa, FL (414,547 people): a typical year has no frost. TAMPA INTL AP (USW00012842): a 32 °F night in only 34.5% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Anaheim, CA (344,561 people): frost too rare to date. closer station ANAHEIM (USC00040192), about 5 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 1.3% of years; the dated station TUSTIN IRVINE RCH is about 11 mi away.
  • Irvine, CA (318,683 people): a typical year has no frost. TUSTIN IRVINE RCH (USC00049087): a 32 °F night in only 50.4% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Corpus Christi, TX (317,317 people): a typical year has no frost. CORPUS CHRISTI NAS (USW00012926): a 32 °F night in only 30.6% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Santa Ana, CA (316,184 people): frost too rare to date. closer station SANTA ANA FIRE STN (USC00047888), about 1 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 2.5% of years; the dated station TUSTIN IRVINE RCH is about 8 mi away.
  • Jersey City, NJ (302,824 people): same station as a larger city. HARRISON (USC00283704) already serves Newark, NJ.
  • Chula Vista, CA (278,546 people): frost too rare to date. closer station CHULA VISTA (USC00041758), about 4 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 7% of years; the dated station SAN DIEGO BROWN FLD is about 4 mi away.
  • St. Petersburg, FL (267,102 people): a typical year has no frost. ST PETERSBURG (USC00087886): a 32 °F night in only 10.8% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Port St. Lucie, FL (258,575 people): frost too rare to date. closer station NETTLES IS (USC00086092), about 10 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 1.8% of years; the dated station STUART is about 11 mi away.
  • Garland, TX (250,431 people): same station as a larger city. RICHARDSON (USC00417588) already serves Plano, TX.
  • Hialeah, FL (235,388 people): frost too rare to date. closer station MIAMI OPA LOCKA AP (USW00012882), about 3 mi away, has a 32 °F night in only 0.4% of years; the dated station PERRINE 4W is about 22 mi away.
  • Frisco, TX (235,208 people): same station as a larger city. RICHARDSON (USC00417588) already serves Plano, TX.
  • Cape Coral, FL (233,025 people): a typical year has no frost. FT MYERS PAGE FLD AP (USW00012835): a 32 °F night in only 14% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Santa Clarita, CA (229,159 people): a typical year has no frost. NEWHALL 5NW (USC00046161): a 32 °F night in only 37.2% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Fremont, CA (228,192 people): a typical year has no frost. NEWARK (USC00046144): a 32 °F night in only 43.2% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Fontana, CA (218,455 people): a typical year has no frost. ONTARIO INTL AP (USW00003102): a 32 °F night in only 40.9% of years, and a median frost-free season of 365 days.
  • Moreno Valley, CA (213,919 people): same station as a larger city. REDLANDS (USC00047306) already serves San Bernardino, CA.